Childhood Sleep Disordered Breathing: Epidemiology, Health Implications and Surgical Management in Jos, Nigeria

Sleep Disordered Breathing In Childhood in Jos, North Central Nigeria

Authors

  • Daniel Kokong Department of ORL-Head & Neck Surgery, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2993-1779
  • Francis A. Obebe Dept of ORL-Head & Neck Surgery, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8569-1239
  • Mary J. Duguru Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State
  • Jemimah O. Edah Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State
  • Chris G. Piwuna Department of Psychiatry, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State
  • Ishaya I. Abok Department of Pediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0488-5072
  • John Collins Department of Pediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3408-8464
  • Isaac E. Ocheke Department of Pediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7633956

Keywords:

Childhood , Sleep Disordered Breathing, Therapy, Outcome

Abstract

Background; Sleep-disordered breathing, a concept in Sleep Medicine, has been reported among causes of sudden death from consequences of obstructive sleep apnea on the cardiopulmonary system and brain, frequently under-recognized. This study aimed to evaluate its epidemiology, health implications, and treatment outcome in our setting. Method: A cross-sectional study of consenting childhood sleep-disordered breathing participants over a two-year period; August 2017-July 2019, at the Jos University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Results: We analyzed 83 participants with sleep-disordered breathing, accounting for 2.8% of the 2,994 childhood ear, nose, and throat consultations, with a male: female ratio of 1.9:1. Their ages ranged from 9 months to 18 years. Eighty three (100.0%) participants had snoring, 23(27.7%) noisy breathing, 10(12.1%) obstructive sleep apnoea and 7(8.4%) obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. The major risk factor for sleep-disordered breathing was obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy; 75(90.4%). Cardiopulmonary complications; 23(27.7%) were the most frequent among participants. Therapy was surgical with primary post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage in 2.4% of participants with a median blood loss of 30.0mls and interquartile range of 25.0ml. There was a positive correlation between Brodsky’s tonsil grade and the volume of the surgical specimens (r = 0.388, p = 0.0001). Complete resolution of symptoms was recorded in 79(95.2%) cases. Conclusion. Childhood sleep-disordered breathing is not uncommon with snoring as the most frequent feature. Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome which correlates with snoring severity accounted for half of obstructive sleep apnoea patients. Cardiopulmonary complications are common, making comprehensive pre-operative evaluation necessary to avoid surgical adverse events

Author Biographies

Daniel Kokong, Department of ORL-Head & Neck Surgery, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Consultant

Francis A. Obebe, Dept of ORL-Head & Neck Surgery, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Senior Registrar, Dept of ORL-Head & Neck Surgery, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Mary J. Duguru, Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Jemimah O. Edah, Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Department of Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State.

Consultant

Chris G. Piwuna, Department of Psychiatry, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Department of Psychiatry, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Consultant

Ishaya I. Abok, Department of Pediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Department of Pediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Consultant

John Collins, Department of Pediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Dept of Pediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State.

Consultant

Isaac E. Ocheke, Department of Pediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Dept of Pediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Plateau State

Professor and Consultant

Published

2023-01-31

How to Cite

Kokong, D., Obebe, F. A., Duguru, M. J., Edah, J. O., Piwuna, C. G., Abok, I. I., Collins, J., & Ocheke, I. E. (2023). Childhood Sleep Disordered Breathing: Epidemiology, Health Implications and Surgical Management in Jos, Nigeria: Sleep Disordered Breathing In Childhood in Jos, North Central Nigeria. Journal of Epidemiological Society of Nigeria, 6(1), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7633956